What is wireless monitor and promiscuous mode ?

Monitor mode enables a wireless network card to passively capture packets without associating with an access point, or ad-hoc network, without transmitting any packets. Another aspect of a nic in monitor mode is that the card does not check CRC values for packets.

Promiscuous mode allows a wireless NIC to view all packets on a network that you're associated with. The card will not see any packets until it has associated with a network. Not all wireless NICs and drivers support promiscuous mode.